Fuertes’s Parrot (Hapalopsittaca fuertesi)

The Fuertes’s Parrot (Hapalopsittaca fuertesi), also known as Indigo-winged Parrot, is a critically endangered parrot which has a highly restricted range on the west slope of the Central Andes of Colombia.The Fuertes’s Parrot is about 24 cm longand is green with indigo wing feathers, red shoulders, and a blue crown. The bird’s pale ivory bill has chestnut feathers at the base.  It was rediscovered in 2002 after an absence of 91 years on the slopes of a volcano in Colombia.

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For over 90 years, the Fuertes’s Parrot was thought to be extinct; it was the cause of great celebration when in 2002 a team of Colombian conservationists from Fundación ProAves, a WLT partner, rediscovered a small colony of 15 individuals clinging to existence on a small and highly fragmented patch of cloud forest habitat located above the town of Cajamarca in Central Colombia.

ProAves has worked tirelessly since then to save the species and in 2009 established the 361 acre Giles-Fuertes Nature Reserve to protect one of only two tiny surviving populations of parrot, as well as many other threatened birds and mammals that are dependent on these cloud forests.

It is now vitally important to protect a further 363 acres alongside Giles-Fuertes Nature Reserve. While the parrot’s core breeding colony is protected, the encroachment of pasturelands into the sensitive cloud forests surrounding the reserve threatens further fragmentation and destruction of key foraging and nesting areas for this magnificent parrot.

Tucumán Amazon (Amazona tucumana)

The Tucumán Amazon (Amazona tucumana) is a medium-sized species of parrot in the Psittacidae family. It is mainly green and has red at the front of its head above its pale beak. It is found in woodland (especially with Alnus acuminata or Podocarpus parlatorei) in the Yungas of Argentina and Bolivia. It is threatened by habitat loss and capture for the parrot trade.

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Habitat loss is a main concern. In Argentina, more than 60% of the yungas forests have disappeared and remaining Tucuman Amazon habitat is highly degraded and occurs in small, isolated fragments. In Bolivia, where the largest fragments of suitable habitat remain, the Southern Yungas ecosystem is considered to be highly threatened due to escalating forest destruction through logging and conversion for agriculture and pasture. Illegal capture for the pet trade continues in Bolivia and, as a compounding factor of this, nest trees are usually cut down to collect chicks.

A priority site for conservation measures is the Laguna Esmeralda Departmental Reserve in Quirusillas in the department of Santa Cruz, at the northern limit of the species’ range. Here, Armonía has been working with nine communities to raise awareness and build support for the conservation and protection of the Tucuman Parrot and its habitat. Significant progress has been made. In 2009, the Tucuman Parrot was recognized as a natural heritage symbol of Quirusillas and is now included as the central figure in the municipal coat of arms. In addition, the mayor of Quirusillas signed a declaration in support of the ban on capture and trade of the Tucuman Parrot. Armonía is assisting the development of a conservation and management plan for the Laguna Esmeralda Reserve.

Bolivia is in the southern South America region so the mileage requirements would be the same as for Brazil.  It’s pretty easy to get there on miles using Avianca Taca which is a member of the Star Alliance or LAN which is a member of One World Alliance.  If you need to get more miles, check out my resource pages.

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Bird BoliviaTucuman Parrot Amazona tucumana:  The most accessible spot is a site called Quirusillas, near Santa Cruz and part of a popular birding route, about two hours drive from Samaipata. It is probably easier to see the birds at Taraquia reserve in the southern department of Tarija is also a good area. We have no guide information on this site yet.

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Green Rosella (Platycercus caledonicus)

The Green Rosella or Tasmanian Rosella (Platycercus caledonicus) is endemic to Tasmania and Bass Strait islands. At 37 cm (14.5 in) long it is the largest species of the Rosella genus. The male and female are generally similar in plumage, being predominantly black, green, and yellow in colour with a red band above the beak and blue cheeks; however, some females have red-orange colouration on the front of their necks. Its diet is composed of seeds, fruit, berries and flowers, as well as insects and insect larvae.

Green Rosella

If you would like to see this beauty in the wild, first you need to fly to Hobart in Tasmania.  You can use your airline miles to get to Australia.  Once there, hire a car and drive to one of these national parks.  More information about Freycinet, Mole Creek, Cradle Mountain and all of Tasmania’s national parks can be found on the Parks & Wildlife websiteFreycinet has a very impressive bird list!  Green Rosellas are also seen in parks in Hobart and Launceston.

Green Rosella habitat

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Rusty-faced Parrot (Hapalopsittaca amazonina)

The Rusty-faced Parrot is most threatened by habitat destruction and fragmentation. Extensive logging and clearing for agriculture, development, and mining have destroyed much of its historical habitat in the Andes.

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Hapalopsittaca amazonina has three subspecies in the Andes of Venezuela and Colombia. A sight record from Ecuador in 1992 was presumed by range to be this species (Ridgely and Greenfield 2001). Subspecies theresae is restricted to the Sierra de Mérida (Trujillo [Sharpe et al. 2001], Mérida and Táchira), Venezuela. Nominate amazonina occurs on both slopes of the East Andes in south-west Táchira, Venezuela; and Cundinamarca, Boyacá and historically Norte de Santander and Santander, Colombia. Subspecies velezi is known from both slopes of the Central Andes in Caldas, Risaralda (R. Strewe in litt. 1999) and Tolima (B. López-Lanús in litt. 2000), Colombia. There are recent sightings of Hapalopsittaca species from the head of the Madgalena valley, Huila, Colombia, and northern Ecuador (Robbins et al. 1994a, G. H. Rosenberg in litt. 2000), probably all amazonina (Juniper and Parr 1998). A recent Colombian population estimate of 2,500-10,000 individuals based on a hypothetical density c.1 individual/km2 and 25% occupancy of the estimated 13,890 km2 of suitable habitat (Renjifo et al. 2002) may be over-generous, but it is likely that the Colombian population numbers several thousand birds (P. G. W. Salaman in litt. 2005). There are c. 250 birds of the nominate subspecies in the Soata bird reserve, Boyacá (O. Cortes and A. Hernandez-Jaramillo in litt. 2007). The Venezuelan population unknown, although it is encountered regularly in several different parts of the Mérida Andes (C. J. Sharpe in litt. 2003, Weller and Rengifo 2003, Rengifo et al. 2005, Rengifo et al. 2005).

Getting to Colombia is easy with airline miles.  Since Colombia is in the northern South America region with Peru, please see this post for details on how many miles you would need.  The main airport, Bogota is well served by both Star Alliance (Avianca, Copa, United, Lufthansa, Air Canada) and One World (American, LAN, Iberia).

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Plum-headed Parakeet (Psittacula cyanocephala)

The Plum-headed Parakeet is a bird of forest and open woodland. They are found from the foothills of the Himalayas south to Sri Lanka. They are not found in the dry regions of western India.

Thattekad Plumhead Thattekad Plumhead2

The photos above were taken in Thattekad Bird Sanctuary in Kerala, India.  It’s very easy to get to India using airline miles.  I have details in my blog post about “Getting to Central Asia using Miles“.  You can also see them in Nepal in the Chitwan National Park by flying into Kathmandu.

Plumheaded Parakeet Range with red dots on Chitwan National Park and Thattekad Bird Sanctuary

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Carnaby’s Black-Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus latirostris)

The Short-billed Black Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus latirostris), also known as Carnaby’s Cockatoo or Carnaby’s Black Cockatoo, is a large black cockatoo endemic to south-western Australia.

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The endangered Carnaby’s black cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus latirostris) is one of just two species of white-tailed black cockatoo on Earth. The other is the Baudin’s black cockatoo, and they are both found only in the Southwest Australia Ecoregion.

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How many are there?

It is difficult to know how many Carnaby’s Black-Cockatoos are left, but it is known that their populations have declined by over 50% in the past 45 years, and that they no longer breed in up to a third of their former breeding sites in the Wheatbelt.

They are gregarious birds and live in pairs or small flocks during the breeding season. After fledging, the young move with their parents from breeding areas to feeding areas where other family groups join the flock.

The cockatoos live for 40-50 years in the wild. A large proportion of the remaining population now is past breeding age. When these older birds die, there will be very few younger birds to take their place.

What is threatening them?

There are a number of threats facing Carnaby’s Black-Cockatoo:

  • Habitat fragmentation, particularly in the northern and eastern areas of the Wheatbelt. Most habitat suitable for breeding and feeding in the Wheatbelt has been cleared entirely or fragmented. In addition, clearing of heathland surrounding breeding sites has reduced the survival rate of fledglings by decreasing the available food sources for the young
  • Removal of nest hollows for use as firewood or just to make properties look ‘tidy’. Much woodland lacks hollows, and it takes over 100 years for woodland seedlings to mature and form hollows suitable for nesting
  • Competition for hollows from other species
  • Loss of native food sources caused by urban development on the Swan coastal plain
  • Poaching: illegal poaching is still a threat – trees are often cut down or the hollow severely damaged when young and eggs are taken, removing breeding sites
  • Invasive species: other bird species such as the Galah and the Western Long-billed Corella are extending their range in the Wheatbelt and are competing with and excluding Carnaby’s Black-Cockatoos from traditional nest hollows.

Carnaby’s Cockatoo Range

Carnaby’s Black Cockatoos can be seen in Western Australia, even in some parks in the city of Perth!  Another easily reached place to see them is Yanchep National Park just north of Perth.  You can get to Australia using airline miles and get to the national parks via rented car.

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On A Wing And A Prayer Trailer.  Check here to see if you can view the entire documentary (could be IP blocked).

City dwelling Carnaby’s Cockatoos in a Perth park

Yellow-eared Parrot (Ognorhynchus icterotis)

The Yellow-eared Parrot nests and lives among wax palms in a few areas of Western and Central Cordillera of Colombia, where it inhabits cloud forests about 1800–3000 meters above sea level. It nests in the hollow trunks of the palms, usually 25–30 meters over the floor level. It also occurred very locally in northern Ecuador where wax palm grows. Their numbers had been greatly reduced, and only 81 individuals were recorded in the Colombian census of 1999. Their populations have been impacted by hunting and habitat destruction, particularly the harvesting of wax palm, which was traditionally cut down and used each year on Palm Sunday. There has been no confirmed records of this parrot from Ecuador since the mid-90s.

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This colorful, green and yellow parrot was believed to be extinct until April 1999, when a group of researchers, sponsored by Fundación Loro Parque and ABC, discovered a small population of just 81 individuals in the Colombian Andes.  Fundación ProAves, which was formed as a result of this discovery, has been working on recovering the species ever since.

The Yellow-eared Parrot has suffered greatly from habitat loss and fragmentation – over 90% of montane forests in Colombia have been cleared for agriculture or settlement, and Quindio wax palms, on which the parrot depends, have been decimated by logging and disease. Wax palms were also being unsustainably exploited for use in Palm Sunday celebrations within the parrot’s range.

Getting to Colombia is easy with airline miles.  Since Colombia is in the northern South America region with Peru, please see this post for details on how many miles you would need.  The main airport, Bogota is well served by both Star Alliance (Avianca, Copa, United, Lufthansa, Air Canada) and One World (American, LAN, Iberia).

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Colibri del Sol Bird Reserve

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Locals Show Pride In The St Lucia Amazon Parrot (Amazona versicolor)

The Saint Lucia Amazon (Amazona versicolor) also known as the Saint Lucia Parrot is a species of parrot in the Psittacidae family. It is endemic to Saint Lucia and is the country’s national bird.

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Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. It is threatened by habitat loss. The species had declined from around 1000 birds in the 1950s to 150 birds in the late 1970s. At that point a conservation program began to save the species, which galvanised popular support to save the species, and by 1990 the species had increased to 350 birds.  Although the population in Saint Lucia is small it is still expanding.

It isn’t possible to get to St Lucia exclusively using airline miles as they are only served by small regional carriers such as LIAT and Caribbean Airlines (nice livery!).  St Lucia is a popular port on Caribbean cruises so why not choose a cruise that visits this lovely island?

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The Jacquot Parrot is very camouflaged, so can be hard to spot. They feed primarily in the early mornings and late afternoons in the high treetops, eating fruits, nuts, seeds and berries from a wide variety of trees including Gommier, Chatagnier, Bois Pain Maron and Aralie. It also eats the new leaf-buds of the Honduras Mahogany.
They have a range of calls, from soft and liquid to coarse and ear-piercing.

To arrange a bird watching tour of the St. Lucia parrot, visit the St. Lucia Land and Forestry Department or contact them directly, 758-450 2231/2078.

 

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